Estimation from Soil Temperature of Soil Thermal Diffusivity and Heat Flux in Sub-surface Layers   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Kedong An  Wenke Wang  Yaqian Zhao  Wenfeng Huang  Li Chen  Zaiyong Zhang  Qiangmin Wang  Wanxin Li 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2016,158(3):473-488

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Silver and silver microparticles of the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary sediment of Fish Clay Højerup (Stevns Klint,Denmark)     

P. I. Premović  N. R. Ðorđević  M. S. Miljković 《Geochemistry International》2016,54(4):378-385

We report the occurrence of micrometer-sized silver particles in the red (“impact” or “ejecta”) layer of the Fish Clay. These appear to be embedded into the biogenic/abiogenic calcite matrix. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis indicates that these microparticles are composed of pure silver (>99% of the total weight). Scanning electron microscopy images reveal irregular and predominantly rounded shapes with rugged surfaces. Numerous silver microparticles are spherical, and some exhibit dendritic textures. These microparticles were probably originated during the Chicxulub asteroid impact event, or immediately afterwards, and dispersed globally.  相似文献   

Secular trends in monthly heating and cooling demands in Croatia     

Lidija Cvitan  Renata Sokol Jurković 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2016,123(3-4):565-579

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An algorithm to retrieve precipitation with synthetic aperture radar     

谢亚楠  刘志坤  安大伟 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2016,30(3):401-411

This paper presents a new type of rainfall retrieval algorithm, called the model-oriented statistical and Volterra integration. It is a combination of the model-oriented statistical (MOS) and Volterra integral equation (VIE) approaches. The steps involved in this new algorithm can be briefly illustrated as follows. Firstly, information such as the start point and width of the rain is obtained through pre-analysis of the data received by synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Secondly, the VIE retrieval algorithm is employed over a short distance to obtain information on the shape of the rain. Finally, the rain rate can be calculated by using the MOS retrieval algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is effective and simple, and can lead to time savings of nearly 50% compared with MOS. An example of application of SAR data is also discussed, involving the retrieval of precipitation information over the South China Sea.  相似文献   

Examination of physical processes of convective cell evolved from a MCS — Using a different model initialization     

Vlado Spiridonov  Mladjen Ćurić 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences》2016,52(3):263-279

The present study is focused on examination of the physical processes of convective cell evolved from a MCS occurred on 4 November 2011 over Genoa, Italy. The Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts (QPF) have been performed using WRF v3.6 model under different configurations and cloud permitting simulations. The results indicate underestimation of the amount of precipitation and spatial displacement of the area with a peak 24-h accumulated rainfall in (mm). Our main objective in the research is to test the cloud model ability and performance in simulation of this particular case. For that purpose a set of sensitivity experiments under different model initializations and initial data have been conducted. The results also indicate that the merging process apparently alters the physical processes through low- and middle-level forcing, increasing cloud depth, and enhancing convection. The examination of the microphysical process simulated by the model indicates that dominant production terms are the accretion of rain by graupel and snow, probabilistic freezing of rain to form graupel and dry and wet growth of graupel. Experiment under WRF v3.6 model initialization has shown some advantage in simulation of the physical processes responsible for production and initiation of heavy rainfall compared to other model runs. Most of the precipitation came from ice-phase particles-via accretion processes and the graupel melting at temperature T₀ ≥ 0°C. The rainfall intensity and accumulated rainfall calculated by the model closely reflect the amount of rainfall recorded. Thus, the main benefit is to better resolve convective showers or storms which, in extreme cases, can give rise to major flooding events. In such a way, this model may become major contributor to improvements in weather analysis and small-scale atmospheric predictions and early warnings of such subscale processes.  相似文献   

顾及位置关系的网络POI地址信息标准化处理方法     

王勇  刘纪平  郭庆胜  罗安 《测绘学报》2016,45(5):623-630

针对互联网POI(兴趣点)地址信息中广泛存在的地址要素不完整、文字表达不一致等不规范现象,提出一种顾及位置关系的网络POI地址信息标准化处理方法,首先对POI信息进行切分提取并逐层匹配地址树模型;然后基于4种位置关系从标准POI库中选出相应集合,作为丰富和修正非标准POI地址要素的候选;最后通过最小粒度地址要素的回溯,实现POI地址信息的快速标准化处理。试验表明该方法可以获得较高的准确率,尤其适用于在互联网数据环境中的POI地址信息标准化。  相似文献   

面向移动终端的专题热图实时绘制方法     

罗安  蔡地  李一  王勇 《测绘科学》2016,41(12):179-183

针对传统基于Flash、Slivelight的移动终端热图绘制中存在的数据表现单一、绘制效率低、用户体验差等问题,以及HTML5的渲染效率差、数据复用率低等性能缺点,该文提出一种改进的HTML5专题热图实时绘制方法。引入四叉树结构进行专题数据组织,大幅度提升热图实时绘制中服务器端数据汇聚效率;采用网格化数据缓存调度方法,有效降低客户端与服务器端的数据请求,实现移动终端数据缓存最大限度的重复利用;以异步I/O消息机制,解决了热图绘制过程中的消息通道堵塞、客户端假死等问题。实验证明,该方法符合移动终端对专题热图的绘制要求,能够在提高数据利用率和系统整体性能的同时,降低移动终端的计算量,提高系统的运行效率。  相似文献   

Modeling Urban Land Use Changes Using Support Vector Machines          下载免费PDF全文

Mileva Samardžić‐Petrović  Suzana Dragićević  Miloš Kovačević  Branislav Bajat 《Transactions in GIS》2016,20(5):718-734

Support Vector Machines (SVM) is a machine learning (ML) algorithm commonly applied to the classification of remotely sensing data and more recently for modeling land use changes. However, in most geospatial applications the current literature does not elaborate on specifications of the SVM method with respect to data sampling, attribute selection and optimal parameters choices. Therefore the main objective of this study is to present and investigate the SVM technique for modeling urban land use change. The SVM model building procedure is presented together with the detailed evaluation of the output results with respect to the choice of datasets, attributes and the change of SVM parameters. Geospatial datasets containing nine land use classes and spatial attributes for the Municipality of Zemun, Republic of Serbia were used for years 2001, 2003, 2007 and 2011. The Correlation‐based Feature Subset method, kappa coefficient, Area Under Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) and kappa simulation were used to perform the model evaluation and compare the model outputs with the real land use datasets. The obtained results indicate that the SVM‐based models perform better when implementing balanced data sampling, reduced data sets to informative subsets of attributes and properly identify the optimal learning parameters.  相似文献   

Stratigraphic and lithologic characteristics of Pleistocene fluvial deposits in the Danube and Sava riparian area near Belgrade (Serbia)     

D. Nenadić  T. Gaudenyi  K. Bogićević  R. Tošović 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2016,24(4):427-437

The Quaternary sediments in the Danube and Sava riparian area near Belgrade have a considerable thickness. Several categories of deposits (fluvial-lacustrine, fluvial and aeolian) of Pliocene and Quaternary age have been identified. Their thickness, granulometric composition and paleontological features change depending on the distance from the recent Danube and Sava riverbeds. The Pleistocene fluvial deposits are underlain by sediments of the Late Miocene (Sarmatian and Pannonian) or the Plio-Pleistocene age, and are overlain by fluvial-palustrine deposits of the Pleistocene age and recent alluvial deposits. Pleistocene fluvial deposits that form a major part of the Quaternary sediments, have a great significance, since they are proved to be excellent collectors of ground water. Although these deposits are at lower altitudes in the area of Srem, they could be correlated with the high Danube and Morava terraces in Serbia and Drava in Croatia on the basis of their lithologic and paleontological features.  相似文献   

The effects of soil sand contents on characteristics of humic acids along soil profiles     

Xinyue Di  Hui Dong  Xianjin An  Haiming Tang  Baohua Xiao 《中国地球化学学报》2016,35(3):251-261

It is generally accepted that the compositions and properties of soil organic matter (SOM) are influenced by many factors. In order to reveal the effects of soil texture on characteristics and dynamics of SOM and its sub-fraction, humic acid (HA), along two soil profiles, a yellow soil profile and a purplish soil profile, under the same climate and vegetation conditions were determined. Results indicate that the decomposition and humification degrees of SOM and HA of the purplish soils are higher than those of the corresponding yellow soils indicated by A/O–A ratios of HAs, TOCs and HA yields of bulk soil samples, nevertheless, the development degree of the purplish soil is lower than that of the yellow soil. The variations of E₄/E₆ ratios of HAs along the soil profiles indicate the overall molecular sizes of HAs decreased downward along the soil profiles. A/O–A ratios of HAs decreased downward along both the soil profiles indicate that humification processes decrease downward along both the soil profiles. Leaching of SOM shows significant effects on the distribution and characteristics of HAs in the yellow soil profile but the purplish soil profile, which is consistent with the higher hydrophobicity of HAs in purplish soils, shows that the distribution characteristics of SOM along the soil profiles are a complex result of the combination of soil texture and characteristics of SOM itself. The remarkably different sand contents are concluded tentatively as one of reasons to the different distributions and dynamics of HAs along the soil profiles, however, to profoundly understand the evolution and transport of SOM along soil profiles needs more researches.  相似文献